Paper 13115-17
Deep ultra-violet plasmonics in germanium (Invited Paper)
19 August 2024 • 1:40 PM - 2:10 PM PDT
Abstract
Germanium is typically used for solid-state electronics, fiber optics, and infrared
applications, due to its semiconducting behavior at optical and infrared wavelengths. In contrast,
here we show that the germanium displays a metallic nature and supports propagating surface
plasmons in the deep ultraviolet (DUV) wavelengths, which is typically not possible to achieve with
conventional plasmonic metals such as gold, silver, and aluminum. We measure the photonic
band spectrum and distinguish the plasmonic excitation modes: bulk plasmons, surface plasmons,
and Cherenkov radiation using momentum-resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy. The
observed spectrum is validated through electrodynamic electron energy loss
theory and first-principles calculations. In the DUV regime, intraband
transitions of valence electrons dominate over the interband transitions, resulting in the observed
highly dispersive surface plasmons. We further employ these surface plasmons in germanium to
design a DUV radiation source based on the Smith-Purcell effect. Our work opens a new frontier
of DUV plasmonics to enable the development of DUV devices such as detectors, and light sources based on germanium.