Show all abstracts
View Session
- Front Matter: Volume 8464
- Session 1
- Session 2
- Session 3
- Session 4
- Nanobiosystems and Optical Processes in Organic Materials and Nanostructures: Joint Session with Con
- Session 7
- Session 8
- Session 9
- Poster Session
Front Matter: Volume 8464
Front Matter: Volume 8464
Show abstract
This PDF file contains the front matter associated with SPIE Proceedings Volume 8464, including the Title Page, Copyright information, Table of Contents, Introduction, and Conference Committee listing.
Session 1
Solid state lighting using deoxyribonucleic acid-phosphor blend
Show abstract
Commercial white solid state lighting consists of a blue light emitting diodes (LEDs) that excites a yellow-emitting
phosphor powder, which is encapsulated with epoxy on top of the LED die. In this paper, we present the results of
replacing the epoxy, with a promising new material, a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-based biopolymer. Using this
DNA-biopolymer as the host, has shown the potential for improving both the brightness and color of the light output.
DNA nano-circuit for electronics
Naoya Ogata
Show abstract
This paper describes preparations of nano-scale patterned electric circuit based on high purity DNA molecules which are obtained from Salmon roe. The patterning on silicon substrate was carried out by an ink-jet method of aqueous solution of DNA. However, the Salmon-based DNA has a so huge molecular weight of over billions that even only 1wt% aqueous solution of DNA becomes gel without any fluidity. So, it is necessary to reduce molecular weights of DNA to increase fluidity of the aqueous solution of DNA, keeping the characteristic feature of double helical structures of DNA molecules to form metal-chlating complexes with various metal cations such as silver or copper cations.
Several methods to reduce the molecular weight of DNA, including hydrolytic , enzymatic degradations and ultra-sonification. It was found that the best method to reduce the molecular weights (MW) of DNA was an enzymatic degradation of DNA to increase fluidity, thus being able to apply an ink-jet method for nano-scale patterning on a silicon wafer to form DNA circuit, followed by ion-crosslinking of DNA by dipping the patterned DNA circuit into
aqueous solution of copper chloride. The DNA-CuCl2 patterned circuit was reduced to copper nano-lines for electric circuit, by using hydrazine as a reducing agent. Thus, all DNA devices can be prepared by the combination of DNA transistor and circuit.
Kinetics of grating inscription in DR1:DNA-CTMA thin film: experiment and semi-intercalation approach
Show abstract
The semi-intercalation hypothesis1–5 which states that an azo-dye Disperse Red 1 (DR1) molecule intercalates in a specific way into a biopolymeric material made of DNA complexed with the cationic surfactant CTMA, has successfully explained the main experimental results6 of laser dynamic inscription of diffraction gratings: short response time, low diffraction efficiency, single-exponential kinetics and flat wavelength dependence.4 Recent experiments indicate that the inscription of the grating displays some features of non-exponential behavior. To understand this complex dynamics we characterize local environment of polymeric chains in Monte Carlo modelling by analyzing some features of local free-volume (void) distribution.
Session 2
Electronic properties of DNA-surfactant complex and its application to DNA-based bio-organic field effect transistor memory
Show abstract
The bio-organic thin film transistor (BiOTFT) with the DNA and DNA-surfactant complex as a dielectric layer shows
memory function. In order to investigate the effect of surfactant structure on the OTFT memory device performance,
different kinds of surfactant were introduced. Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTMA), Lauroylcholine chloride
(Lau) or Octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (OTMA) as the cationic surfactant was mixed with DNA to prepare the
DNA complex through the electrostatic interaction. In addition, the different molecular weight DNA also has been
studied to analyze the effect of DNA chain length on the performance of the physical property. Many kinds of methods
including UV-vis, Circular dichiroism (CD), I-V characteristic and atomic force microscope (AFM) have been applied to
analyze the property of DNA complex. In conclusion, all of DNA complex with CTMA, OTMA and Lau were revealed
to work as the bio-organic thin film transistor memory, and the device fabricated by Lau has the highest ON current and showed better device performance.
Session 3
DNA-based thin-film dielectrics for potential application as gate insulators in OFETs
Show abstract
In this study, highly stable aqueous solutions of blends containing Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and high k ceramics (BaTiO3 or TiO2) nanoparticles were processed. Dielectric and electrical properties of the as-prepared nanocomposites thin films were investigated. Dielectric Constant k values of 14 and capacitance density of 2.5 nF/cm2 were achieved for a 40 wt.% BaTiO3 loading at 1 KHz. The current-voltage (IV) measurements revealed electrical resistivity in the order of 1014 Ohm-cm with leakage current densities of the order of 10-9 A/cm2 for electric field biases up to 50V/μm.
Session 4
Influence of surfactant on dynamics of photoinduced motions in a dye-doped deoxyribonucleic acid
Show abstract
Pure deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is known to be soluble in water only and exhibits poor temperature stability. In
contrary, it is well known that the complex of DNA – with cetyltrimethyl ammonium (CTMA) is soluble in alcohols and
can be processed into very good optical quality thin films by solution casting and spin deposition.
Despite the success of DNA-CTMA, there is still need for new cationic surfactants which would extend the range of
available solvents for DNA complex. We test and present experimental results of influence of new surfactants based on
benzalkonium chloride (BA), and didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DDCA) for applications in all optical switching.
Novel cationic dye and crosslinkable surfactant for DNA biophotonics
Show abstract
Biopolymers such as DNA can be used as a host material for nonlinear optical dyes for photonic applications. In
previous work by Heckman et al. (Proc. SPIE 6401, 640108-2), the chromophore Disperse Red 1 (DR1) was combined
with CTMA-DNA (a water-insoluble DNA/surfactant complex) to produce an electro-optic waveguide modulator.
However, DR1 does not bind strongly to DNA and has a low first hyperpolarizability (β). We have used theory-aided design to develop and synthesize a novel chromophore with strong affinity for DNA and higher β than DR1. We have also developed a surfactant containing a photocrosslinkable moiety that can be used to harden thin films of the DNA/surfactant/dye composite under ultraviolet light. The optical and thermal properties of these materials and outlook for device applications will be discussed.
Tunable DFB lasers based on DNA-surfactant-dye complexes
Show abstract
We succeeded to observe fluorescence enhancement and tunable laser emission from spin coated films of DNAcetyltrimetylammonium
(CTMA) complex doped with weakly fluorescent cyanine dyes, DiQC2(1) and DiQC2(3) which
were optically excited by interfering two beams forming a induced dynamic grating. Wavelength tuning of the laser
emission was achieved by varying the angle between the pumping beams determining the grating period on the film.
Degradation processes of the dye-doped films of DNA complex and PMMA were investigated and compared by
monitoring absorption spectra after continuous excitation with a pulsed laser. Roles of DNA for fluorescence
enhancement and improved durability were confirmed for these cyanine dyes.
Nanobiosystems and Optical Processes in Organic Materials and Nanostructures: Joint Session with Con
Optoelectronics using DNA as a template for dyes
Donna Mamangun,
Daminda Navarathne,
Gregory A. Sotzing,
et al.
Show abstract
Aside from salmon DNA, other DNA sources were explored namely, herring and onion, to prepare DNAsurfactant
complex, which will be used as a template for dyes undergoing Forster Resonance Energy
Transfer (FRET). Also, salmon DNA of low and high molecular weight were compared. This study aims to
assess the effect of using different DNA sources and molecular weight on the efficiency of energy transfer
between the dyes, coumarin 480 (Cm 480) and 4-[4-(dimethylamino)styryl]-1-docosyl-pyridinium bromide
(Hemi 22 and to understand the fundamental properties of DNA-CTMA as a supporting matrix for
optoelectronics applications.
Session 7
DNA, sugars, and proteins at work in optics
Show abstract
In this Keynote presentation, we will review the use of selected biosystems in relevant optical applications:
Complementary DNA strands can be used to put chromophore couples, e.g. for energy transfer between donor
and acceptor, at a desired distance. By using the appropriate oligonucleotide length, we have spaced donor and acceptor
at the Förster distance to show the influence of a carefully designed photonic bandgap on the Förster resonant energy
transfer (FRET) efficiency.
Amylose can be used to optimize the conformation of extended chromophores. Long conjugated systems show
enhanced optical properties, but only in the all-trans conformation. This unlikely situation has been enforced by
including the elongated molecule as a guest in the amylose host. The theoretically predicted enhancement in nonlinear
optical polarizability, linear with conjugation length, has been demonstrated, but only when the chromophore was in the
amylose.
Fluorescent proteins can be used in cellular imaging. We will focus on the recent development (by genetic
engineering) and characterization (by hyper-Rayleigh scattering) of fluorescent proteins for combined multiphoton
fluorescence and second harmonic imaging. A small rainbow of fluorescent proteins has been characterized for their
nonlinear optical properties.
Organic nanoparticles as a central plateform of magnetofluorescent nano-assemblies toward two-photon bioimaging applications
Adrien Faucon,
Romarik Lenk,
Julie Hemez,
et al.
Show abstract
The combined association of magnetic and luminescent properties into a unique object (especially nanoparticle) has
recently driven considerable interest since it offers non-invasive dual imaging and permits contactless addressing and
vectorization. We report on the use of organic materials, known to emit in the solid state and form size-controlled
nanoparticles upon precipitation. They generate cohesive magnetofluorescent hybrid nanospheres without requiring prior
coating of the inorganic entities. Their internalization in living cells is successfully proved by two-photon laser scanning
fluorescence microscopy and TEM imaging. Deeper photophysical analyses reveal two kinds of structure depending on
the solvent and concentration conditions.
Fluorescence and SHG in organic nanocrystals of DCNP
Show abstract
Organic nanocrystals (ONCs) similarly to inorganic ones show interesting size effects. It has been already observed that
their luminescence properties can be changed in terms of enhanced luminescence and spectral shift of fluorescence bands
as compared to bulk materials. Usually these effects are observed for much larger size of nanoparticles from 50 nm up to
1000 nm. Noncentrosymmetric and fluorescent organic crystals are rare but particularly interesting as they exhibit both
nonlinear optical properties like Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) and fluorescence. Such ONC's could serve as
fluorescent and SHG probes for bio-imaging purposes simultaneously. This could be beneficial for situation in which the
dynamics of ordering of biological systems has to be studied. Here, we report on 3-(1,1-dicyanoethenyl)-1-phenyl-4,5-
dihydro-1H-pyrazole (DCNP) compound which forms nanocrystals, exhibits large shifts of fluorescence maximum with
size and strong SHG signals. When embedded in polymeric or biopolymeric matrix DNA-CTMA shows efficient
amplified spontaneous emission. The unique properties of this compound in its various forms from molecules, ONC's to
macroscopic single crystals are studied and discussed.
Session 8
Advances in DNA photonics
Show abstract
In this paper we present our current research in exploring a DNA biopolymer for photonics applications. A new
processing technique has been adopted that employs a modified soxhlet-dialysis (SD) rinsing technique to completely
remove excess ionic contaminants from the DNA biopolymer, resulting in a material with greater mechanical stability
and enhanced performance reproducibility. This newly processed material has been shown to be an excellent material
for cladding layers in poled polymer electro-optic (EO) waveguide modulator applications. Thin film poling results are
reported for materials using the DNA biopolymer as a cladding layer, as are results for beam steering devices also using
the DNA biopolymer. Finally, progress on fabrication of a Mach Zehnder EO modulator with DNA biopolymer
claddings using nanoimprint lithography techniques is reported.
Session 9
Bio-dielectric organic-inorganic hybrid films for potential energy storage applications
Show abstract
DNA-based bio-dielectrics incorporating sol-gel have been investigated for energy storage applications. Salmon DNA hybrid films blending sol-gel-ceramics with DNA-CTMA have potential for increased dielectric constants and higher environmental stability compared to DNA only films. Thin film capacitor devices were fabricated and characterized, showing stability in dielectric properties and reliability in voltage breakdown measurements, attaining values consistently at 300 V/um. Temperature-dependent dielectric properties as well as dielectric stability as a function of thermal cycling of these hybrid films are also discussed.
Poster Session
Extension of the spectral range of bacteriorhodopsin functional activity by energy transfer from quantum dots
Show abstract
Monodispersed semiconductor nanocrystals or quantum dots (QDs) specifically immobilized on the surface of purple
membranes (PMs) containing bacteriorhodopsin (bR) can harvest light in the UV to blue region, which cannot be
absorbed efficiently by the PMs alone, and transfer the harvested energy to the retinal chromophores of bR via highly
efficient Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). CdTe or CdSe/ZnS QDs with a quantum yield as high as 70% have
been used to estimate different parameters characterizing the improvement of the bR biological function caused by
nanocrystals. AFM examination has shown that the most FRET-efficient QD–PM hybrid structures are characterized by
the highest level of QD ordering; hence, AFM imaging of bR–PM hybrid materials provides the basis for optimization of
the assembly design in order to engineer bio-hybrid structures with advanced optical and photovoltaic properties.
Oriented bR-containing proteoliposomes tagged with QDs at a QD-to-bR molar ratio of up to 1:5 have been engineered
and used to analyze the photoresponse, with the bR proton pumping considerably increased. Finally, the kinetics of the
potential/current generation in films of oriented bR containing or not containing QDs have been analyzed. Incorporation
of QDs resulted in an increase in the potential/current generation rate and in an almost fourfold increase in the rate of Mform
formation. Thus, the improvement of the bR native function by QDs may be caused by two reasons: an extension of
the range of utilized light and an increase in the rate of the bR photocycle.
Hyperspectral polarized light scattering to study tumor cells in in-vitro samples
Show abstract
Supercontinuum laser sources provide a very useful tool to characterize materials and scattering media such
as nanomaterials in suspensions, aerosols or paint coatings. Onera, The French Aerospace Lab, has developed
a fast, in-line and comprehensive optical characterization method. The hyperspectral polarized angular light
measurements by tumor cells exhibit a unique signature. We propose an original way to probe tumor cells in
in-vitro samples. First experimental results are presented with potential applications. This is the first time in
our knowledge that hyperspectral, polarimetric and angular signature of MCTS is reported.
Synthesis and characterization of porous nanocrystalline biphasic calcium phosphate for bio applications
Show abstract
The nano crystalline biphasic calcium phosphates of hydroxyapatite (HAp)/β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCp) in the ratio
80:20 and 72:28 with interconnected porosity have successfully been prepared by co-precipitation method using mixed
catanionic surfactants as template. The sample was calcinated at various temperatures for 8 h. The samples were
characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron
microscopy (FESEM) and thermal analyser. The samples calcinated at 750°C and 850°C show 75% and 89% of
crystallinity respectively. Usually to obtain the biphasic calcium phosphates, either the medium will be set as acidic by
altering the pH or the Ca/P ratio can be set below the value of 1.5. However this experiment was neither conducted with
low Ca/P ratio (≤1.5) nor at low pH (≤7) to obtain the mixed phase. The combination of surfactants and calcination
temperature controls the HAp/β-TCp ratio.